How does a mass spectrometer work? - MyTutor
There are four stages in a mass spectrometer which we need to consider, these are – ionisation, acceleration, deflection, and detection. Let’s go through these in order. Ionisation. The sample needs to be vapourised first, before being passed into the ionisation chamber. Here, an electrically heated metal coil gives off a stream of electrons.
How does a mass spectrometer work? - MyTutor
How does a mass spectrometer work? Mass spec is used alongside many analytical techniques, and provides information of the structural formula of a molecule such as proteins. Initially the sample is vapourised and then ionised by bombarding it with high energy electrons that essentially remove an electron off your sample forming a net +1 charge ...
What is mass spectrometry and how does it work? - MyTutor
The data from the spectrometer is fed into a computer to produce a mass spectrum for us to interpret. The spectrum shows the mass to charge ratio (m/z) (effectively the mass as usually all +1 charge) and relative abundance of each ion that was detected. The signal with the greatest m/z value usually gives the mass of the molecule.
What is the difference between 'Electrospray Ionisation' and
Mass Spectrometry is often used by scientists to determine all the isotopes present in a sample (using their isotopic masses) and thus identify the element. The first stage is called the 'ionisation stage' and interestingly there are 2 methods undertaken to ionise a sample.
How does electrophilic aromatic substitution occur? - MyTutor
This hydrogen atom then goes on to react with the hydrogen sulfate HSO 4- ion to reform sulfuric acid, thus making sulfuric acid a catalyst in this reaction.We can draw parallels with this reaction to many other electrophilic substitution reactions such as chlorination, bromination and Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions as they are all very ...
Explain briefly how instantaneous dipole - induced dipole
This creates a dipole in that molecule (a seperation of opposite electrical charges) where one end is positive, with no/little electrons, and the other end, where the electrons are gathered, are negative - this molecule now has a temporary polarity. As alike charges repel, if this molecule approaches a non-polar molecule, it will induce a ...
Explain what is meant by optical isomerism. | MyTutor
A molecule with a plane of symmetry is described as achiral.Only chiral molecules have optical isomers. The two isomers are known as enantiomers.Enantiomers have different effects on plane polarised light, hence why it is optical isomerism. A solution of one enatiomer rotates the plane of polarised light in a clockwise direction, and a solution ...
When vaporised, isotopes of an element can be separated in a …
When vaporised, isotopes of an element can be separated in a mass spectrometer. Name the three processes that occur in a mass spectrometer before the vaporised isotopes can be detected. State how each process is achieved. (6 marks)
Why would the mass of a piece of potato change when it is
The water passes through the potato cell membrane (a partially permeable membrane) into the potato, making it swell and increase in mass. If there is more sugar in the surrounding solution than the potato sample, the reverse happens. The water passes out of the potato, through the membrane and into the solution - meaning the potato mass decreases.
What is gravitational potential energy? Why is it negative?
We can pretend (reasonably) that the mass is a test mass: one where the shape/charge and other properties dont matter, and ONLY the mass and its separation r is important. At a separation (say to Earth) of infinity (r=infinity), the energy of a mass is 0. 0 is an important number, so this separation is an important separation and why we use it ...