HIV - Wikipedia
The ends of each strand of HIV RNA contain an RNA sequence called a long terminal repeat (LTR). Regions in the LTR act as switches to control production of new viruses and can be triggered by proteins from either HIV or the host cell.
Structure and genome of HIV - Wikipedia
The genome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encodes 8 viral proteins playing essential roles during the HIV life cycle. [7] HIV-1 is composed of two copies of noncovalently linked, unspliced, positive-sense single-stranded RNA enclosed by a conical capsid composed of the viral protein p24, typical of lentiviruses.
Positive-strand RNA virus - Wikipedia
Positive-strand RNA viruses encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) which is used during replication of the genome to synthesize a negative-sense antigenome that is then used as a template to create a new positive-sense viral genome.
RNA virus - Wikipedia
Group VI viruses are retroviruses, viruses with RNA genetic material that use DNA intermediates in their life cycle including HIV-1 and HIV-2 which cause AIDS. The majority of such RNA viruses fall into the kingdom Orthornavirae and the rest have a positioning not yet defined. [4]
Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS - Wikipedia
Tests selected to screen donor blood and tissue must provide a high degree of confidence that HIV will be detected if present (that is, a high sensitivity is required). A combination of antibody, antigen and nucleic acid tests are used by blood banks in Western countries.
HIV/AIDS - Wikipedia
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [8] [9] [10] is a retrovirus [11] that attacks the immune system. It is a preventable disease. [5] There is no vaccine or cure for HIV. ... Thus HIV infection can only be diagnosed by PCR testing for HIV RNA or DNA, or via testing for the p24 antigen. [30]
Lentivirus - Wikipedia
Lentiviruses contain 2 sense, single-strand RNAs that are bound by nucleocapsid proteins. [8] As with all retroviruses, lentiviruses have gag, pol and env genes, coding for viral proteins in the order: 5´- gag - pol - env -3´. Unlike other retroviruses, however, lentiviruses have two regulatory genes, tat and rev.
Retrovirus - Wikipedia
The retroviral RNases H encoded by all retroviruses, including HIV have been demonstrated to show three different modes of cleavage: internal, DNA 3′ end-directed, and RNA 5′ end-directed. All three modes of cleavage constitute roles in reverse transcription.
Reverse transcriptase - Wikipedia
Reverse transcriptases are used by viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, and by eukaryotic cells to extend the telomeres at the ends of their linear chromosomes.
Rev (HIV) - Wikipedia
Rev is a transactivating protein that is essential to the regulation of HIV-1 (and other lentiviral) protein expression. A nuclear localization signal is encoded in the rev gene, which allows the Rev protein to be localized to the nucleus, where it is involved in the export of unspliced and incompletely spliced mRNAs.